Development and study of the anchor design for a well overhaul rig

Abstract

A variety of anchors are used to secure guy wires for derricks and masts. They are divided into two main groups: gravity anchors, where the holding force is provided by the weight of the structure and the overlying soil, and plate/drag anchors, where the load is compensated by soil friction and shear resistance. Anchor designs can be buried, surface-mounted, surface-mounted with spurs, semi-buried, as well as screw and pile types, though the latter are less common. Buried anchors have embedded parts in the form of logs, pipes, or reinforced steel structures that are sunk into the ground and can withstand loads of up to hundreds of kilonewtons. For convenient
cable attachment, special metal thimbles are used to protect the ropes from wear. Surface anchors consist of welded frames with bearing elements, onto which concrete blocks are placed to provide the necessary mass. These structures are easy to transport, allow for load adjustment, can be reused, and withstand loads of up to 1000 kN. This work provides a detailed analysis of a new anchor design, which is a modification of a Pin Pile foundation type. The proposed model is compact, lightweight, easy to manufacture and install, and can be used as an anchor for a well workover rig. Simulation modeling of the anchor structure using the finite element method showed that the highest stresses occur in the shackle, not exceeding 400 MPa, while the maximum displacements are 2.5 mm. When accounting for a concrete head, the stresses and displacements decrease, confirming the structure's functionality. The research results indicate satisfactory strength and rigidity of the proposed anchor. Further studies should focus on investigating the influence of various soil properties on the stress-strain state of the structure, as well as determining the pull-out forces. This will allow for the optimization of the anchor design according to
operational conditions, thereby increasing the reliability and efficiency of derrick guy wire securing systems.